Women with a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) are at increased risk for which of the following complications?

In the context of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), women are at an increased risk for several complications, primarily due to the potential damage that PID causes to the reproductive organs. The correct answer involves recognizing that PID can lead to serious and long-term consequences for women's reproductive health.

Ectopic pregnancy, which occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, is a significant risk for women who have experienced PID. The inflammation and scarring associated with PID can block or damage the fallopian tubes, making it more difficult for the egg to travel to the uterus. This increases the chance of an ectopic pregnancy occurring.

Additionally, scarring of the fallopian tubes is a direct result of PID. Inflammation can lead to the formation of adhesions or scars that can obstruct or impair the function of these tubes. This scarring can create long-term issues for a woman's reproductive health.

Infertility is another common complication linked to a history of PID. The damage caused by the infection and the resulting scarring can hinder a woman's ability to conceive. PID is one of the leading causes of infertility in women due to these issues.

Ovarian cysts, on the other hand, are typically not a complication associated with PID. While women may develop ovarian