LEIK Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) Practice Exam

The increase in lung compliance is a physiologic change that does not typically occur with aging. In the elderly, the lungs may become less compliant rather than more compliant due to changes in lung tissue, which can become stiffer over time. This stiffness can be attributed to alterations in the elastic properties of the lung parenchyma, resulting in decreased compliance.

Conversely, the other options reflect changes that are commonly observed in the aging population. There is a well-documented decrease in forced expiratory volume (FEV1), which reflects the overall decline in lung function with age, often due to the loss of elasticity and narrowing of airways. Additionally, a slight increase in residual volume (RV) is observed, which indicates trapped air in the lungs as elasticity decreases and making it difficult for full exhalation. Lastly, airways collapsing earlier due to shallow breathing is another common occurrence in the elderly, as weakened respiratory muscles can contribute to suboptimal lung expansion and the maintenance of airway patency.

In summary, while the aging process impacts lung function through various changes, the expectation is that lung compliance generally decreases rather than increases. This distinction is crucial for understanding the respiratory physiology of older adults.