Which viral infection is associated with abnormal forms of lymphocytes during an acute infection?

The association of abnormal lymphocytes during an acute infection is particularly linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). EBV is known for its role in infectious mononucleosis, a condition characterized by atypical lymphocytes. These atypical lymphocytes are often larger than normal and can be detected during laboratory evaluations. The presence of these abnormal lymphocytes is a hallmark of the immune response to EBV infection and is used diagnostically to confirm cases of infectious mononucleosis.

This virus primarily affects B cells and induces their proliferation, leading to the generation of these atypical forms. While CMV can also cause some abnormalities in lymphocytes, they do not typify the acute phase of infection as prominently as those seen in EBV. HPV and Coxsackie virus do not typically lead to significant changes in lymphocyte morphology in acute infections. Therefore, the prominent and characteristic response of atypical lymphocytes during EBV infection is why this choice is correct.