Which type of hepatitis virus infection is more likely to result in chronic hepatitis and increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma?

The correct answer highlights the unique characteristics of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses as they relate to chronic infections and the potential for hepatocellular carcinoma. Both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) can lead to chronic hepatitis, which is defined as ongoing liver inflammation and damage persisting for six months or longer.

Chronic infections with these viruses can result in liver cirrhosis, a condition where the liver becomes severely scarred and its function is impaired. This cirrhosis significantly increases the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common form of primary liver cancer.

Hepatitis A virus (HAV), on the other hand, typically causes an acute infection and does not lead to chronic disease. It is predominantly transmitted through the fecal-oral route and usually resolves on its own without lasting effects.

Thus, the distinction lies in the chronic nature of infections caused by hepatitis B and C, and their association with long-term liver complications that can lead to cancer, making the answer that includes both these viruses the most accurate choice.