Which of the following conditions is an absolute contraindication for the use of oral contraceptives?

Oral contraceptives are associated with various risk factors and contraindications due to their potential effects on cardiovascular health and overall patient safety. An absolute contraindication means that the potential risks outweigh any benefits associated with the therapy, making it inappropriate for certain patients.

In the case of a family history of migraines with aura, it is essential to recognize that migraines with aura significantly increase the risk of stroke, particularly when combined with estrogen-containing contraceptives. The presence of aura is a key factor; it indicates the kind of migraines that can elevate the risk of thromboembolic events. Therefore, individuals with a history of migraines with aura are typically advised against using combined oral contraceptives to mitigate the risk of serious complications like strokes.

Other conditions listed may have cautionary implications but are not categorized as absolute contraindications. For instance, hepatomas do pose serious concerns since oral contraceptives can potentially exacerbate liver conditions; however, the management would depend on various factors beyond a straightforward contraindication. A history of emboli resolved with heparin therapy may warrant careful consideration but does not inherently prevent the use of oral contraceptives under all circumstances. Similarly, while gallbladder disease during pregnancy is a historical factor that may suggest some caution, it