Which condition is the leading cause of infertility in women in the United States?

Ovulation disorders are a significant factor contributing to infertility in women and are indeed considered one of the leading causes in the United States. These disorders include conditions that disrupt the regular release of eggs from the ovaries, leading to irregular or absent menstrual cycles, reduced chances of conception, and ultimately infertility. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid disorders fall under this category, demonstrating the central role that hormonal regulation plays in reproductive health.

While other factors like age, scarring of the fallopian tubes, and endometriosis are also critical contributors to infertility, they do not surpass ovulation disorders in terms of their prevalence as the primary cause. Age is a related factor that affects fertility because the quality and quantity of eggs decrease over time, especially after age 35, but it is more of a demographic risk factor rather than a direct cause of infertility in the same manner as ovulation disorders. Scarring of the fallopian tubes and endometriosis can hinder fertility as well, but these conditions arise less frequently compared to the myriad of ovulatory issues women may experience. Thus, ovulation disorders encompass a broad range of causes for infertility, highlighting their impact as the leading cause in the clinical context.