Which condition is commonly associated with hematuria?

Hematuria, the presence of blood in urine, is commonly associated with Wilms tumor, which is a type of kidney cancer mainly affecting children. This condition may lead to various urinary symptoms, including hematuria, due to the tumor's effects on the kidneys and surrounding structures. When a Wilms tumor grows, it can cause bleeding within the kidney, resulting in blood being present in the urine.

In contrast, while appendicitis, testicular torsion, and gonorrheal infections can present with abdominal or pelvic pain and other symptoms, they are less commonly associated with hematuria. Appendicitis primarily affects the appendix and usually does not involve the urinary tract. Testicular torsion causes sudden severe pain in the scrotum and does not typically lead to hematuria. Gonorrheal infection may lead to urethritis and potentially cause hematuria in some cases, but it is not a common association compared to the link between hematuria and Wilms tumor.

Thus, Wilms tumor stands out as a condition where hematuria is a relevant and notable clinical symptom, highlighting its importance in pediatric evaluations when blood in urine is observed.