Which condition is characterized by pain and swelling at the tibial tuberosity in active adolescents?

The condition characterized by pain and swelling at the tibial tuberosity in active adolescents is Osgood-Schlatter disease. This condition occurs due to repetitive stress or overuse of the knee, which puts strain on the patellar tendon where it attaches to the tibial tuberosity. In adolescents, particularly those involved in sports or physical activities, the growth plates are still open, making them more susceptible to this type of condition as the muscle and tendon may be growing faster than the bone.

Osgood-Schlatter disease results in localized tenderness and swelling at the tibial tuberosity, and it is often aggravated by activities such as running, jumping, or climbing stairs. This presentation is typical in active adolescents, as they engage in high-impact sports that place significant stress on the knee joint.

The other conditions listed do not specifically present with pain and swelling localized to the tibial tuberosity in this manner. For example, chondromalacia patella primarily involves pain around the kneecap due to cartilage damage; a left knee sprain would imply ligamentous injury with broader symptoms; and a tear of the medial ligament typically presents with localized pain on the inner side of the knee and may involve instability rather than