What is a significant risk associated with contact sports for individuals with Down syndrome?

Individuals with Down syndrome are at an increased risk for cervical spine injury, particularly atlantoaxial instability, which is a condition where there is excessive movement between the first two cervical vertebrae. This instability poses a significant risk in contact sports, where the likelihood of falls, collisions, or sudden movements can exacerbate the condition and potentially lead to severe neurological injury.

Athletes with Down syndrome should be evaluated for this risk prior to participation in contact sports, and it is crucial for healthcare providers to make informed recommendations about safe levels of activity. While cardiovascular disease, joint dislocations, and visual impairments can be concerns for individuals with Down syndrome, the specific risk of cervical spine injury stands out in the context of contact sports due to the unique anatomical and physiological considerations associated with the condition.