What does a patient with positive HBsAg and negative anti-HBV need?

A patient with positive HBsAg (Hepatitis B surface Antigen) indicates an active infection with the hepatitis B virus, while a negative anti-HBV means that the patient does not have antibodies against the virus. This combination suggests that the patient is not immune and is currently undergoing an active HBV infection.

In this scenario, the appropriate intervention involves administering the hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG). The hepatitis B vaccine provides active immunity, stimulating the patient's immune response to fight off the virus in the future. HBIG offers passive immunity, providing immediate but temporary protection against the infection. This combined approach is particularly critical for individuals who are at a higher risk for progression to chronic hepatitis B or who require urgent post-exposure prophylaxis.

The other options are inconsistent with the patient's current status. The presence of HBsAg along with a lack of anti-HBV indicates ongoing infection rather than immunity, negating the first option. The second option incorrectly claims that the patient is not infected when, in fact, they have a confirmed infection. The last option suggests only administering HBIG without the vaccine, which would not provide sufficient long-term protection against the virus. Therefore, the combination of both interventions is necessary for optimal management of