The bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is used to immunize against which disease?

The bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is specifically designed to immunize against tuberculosis (TB), which is a serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The BCG vaccine contains a weakened strain of Mycobacterium bovis, which is closely related to the M. tuberculosis bacterium. This vaccine stimulates the immune system to provide protection against TB, particularly in high-risk populations and in countries where tuberculosis is prevalent.

The BCG vaccine is not used to protect against other diseases such as enterobiasis, anthrax, or smallpox. These conditions require different vaccines and preventive measures. Enterobiasis is a parasitic infection caused by pinworms, for which there is no vaccine; anthrax is caused by Bacillus anthracis and is prevented using a specific anthrax vaccine; smallpox was eradicated through a different vaccine against the variola virus. Therefore, the BCG vaccine's primary and sole purpose is to provide immunity against tuberculosis.